Rootstock Information
The below information has been provided By Phil Nicholas - South Australian Research and Development Institute, Loxton Centre (1999).
This table has been prepared as a guide for selecting a suitable
rootstock. It summarises information from local experience and
many other sources and will be modified as more local trials are
assessed.
Suitability of phylloxera resistant rootstocks in different environmental situations |
||||||||||
Group |
Rootstock |
Scion vigour |
Vegetative cycle |
Nema- todes |
Lime |
Acid soil |
Salinity |
Mag. uptake |
Drought |
Water-logging |
A |
101-14 |
M-L |
Short |
l l |
l |
X |
l l |
X |
X |
l |
Schwarzmann |
M-L |
Short |
l l |
l |
X |
l |
X |
X |
l |
|
3309 |
M-L |
Medium |
X |
l |
X |
X |
l l |
X |
X |
|
B |
SO4 |
M |
Medium |
l |
l l |
X |
X |
X |
X |
l |
5C Teleki |
M |
Medium |
l |
l l |
X |
X |
? |
X |
X |
|
5BB Kober |
M-H |
Medium |
l |
l l |
X |
X |
? |
l |
X |
|
C |
110 Richter |
M |
Very long |
l |
l l |
l |
l |
X |
l l |
l |
1103 Paulsen |
M-H |
Long |
l |
l l |
l |
l l |
l l |
l l |
l |
|
99 Richter |
M-H |
Medium |
l |
l l |
l |
l |
X |
l |
X |
|
140 Ruggeri |
H-M |
Very long |
? |
l l |
l l |
l l |
l l |
l l |
X |
|
D |
K51-32 |
M-H |
Long |
l l |
l |
? |
l |
? |
l l |
? |
K51-40 |
M-H |
Long |
l l |
l |
? |
X |
? |
X |
? |
|
E |
Ramsey |
H-M |
Very long |
l l |
l |
l |
l l |
? |
l l |
X |
| Key to table l l Good l Moderate X Poor ? Unknown L = low M = medium H = high | ||||||||||
Additional Information
Phylloxera - the above rootstocks generally have high resistance to phylloxera, but K51-40 has not been tested.
Groups - A = V. riparia x V. rupestris crosses, B = V. berlandieri x V. riperia crosses, C = V. berlandieri x V. rupestris crosses, D = V. champini x V. riparia crosses and E = V. champini.
Rootstock - note older SO4 plantings now identified as 5C Teleki and older 5A Teleki plantings identified as 5BB Kober.
Scion vigour - given as a guide only as relative vigour of rootstocks varies in different environments eg different soil types or water availability.
Vegetative cycle - indicates comparative length of growing season, which affects time of scion wood maturity and may influence time of grape maturity.
Nematodes - refers to root-knot nematode resistance. Note that nematode populations of the same species can vary in aggressiveness in different regions. Also populations can develop in a vineyard which gradually overcome resistance.
Lime - Group A only tolerate about 10% active lime. 140 Ruggeri has higher tolerance than others in Groups B and C.
Acid soil - choice may change if lime is applied prior to planting. More local trial data required to better define suitability.
Salinity - indicates performance in saline soil. Interaction with drought is not considered here (rootstocks susceptible to drought may have higher salt uptake in drought situation).
Magnesium uptake - low magnesium uptake by some rootstocks, especially SO4, in some soils may cause bunch stem necrosis, particularly with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot.
Drought - Group B is slightly more tolerant than Group A.
Water- logging - refers to spring waterlogging of vines several years old. Note that some rootstocks eg 101-14 may be susceptible to water-logging in early years, but more tolerant in later years.
Compatibility - incompatibility is rare, but the rootstocks 3309 , 101-14 and 5BB Kober are more susceptible than others to compatibility problems, particularly where scion wood contains virus. Ramsey is incompatible with Muscat Gordo.